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October 2020

The October issue begins with a regional report from Contributing Editor, Nancy Yamaguchi, looking at the impact that COVID-19 has had upon the middle East’s oil sector. Other topics covered in this issue include process safety management and implementation, water treatment, sulfur, LNG, gas sampling/analysis, simulation, emissions, and methods to optimise refinery hydrogen production on steam methane reformers.

This month's front cover is brought to you by Athlon, a Halliburton Service.


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Contents

COVID-19's oil price war
Nancy Yamaguchi, Contributing Editor, examines the effect of COVID-19 on the Middle East’s oil sector.

Play it safe
Colin Frazier, American Petroleum Institute (API), USA, outlines initiatives and programmes that have been put into practice in the downstream industry to improve process safety management and implementation.

Unuddying the mystery of your water
Troy Davis, Athlon, a Halliburton Service, USA, explains how understanding the composition of a raw water source, and how that source changes seasonally, is critical to optimal operation of water treatment equipment in hydrocarbon processing.

Moving on from sulfur pits
Marco van Son, Comprimo, Canada, reviews several different options for handling the collection of sulfur from a sulfur recovery unit.

An Italian job
Diego Scilla, Siirtec Nigi, Italy, and Riccardo Costanzi, api Raffineria di Ancona, Italy, review the successful revamp of a sulfur recovery unit.

Modularisation: a matter of scale
Rafaël Agra, Philip Hagyard, and Dominique Gadelle, TechnipFMC, France, explain why modularisation for onshore plant construction can be better deployed by cost optimisation tools that have been developed to determine the optimum extent of modularisation.

Don't run out of steam
Harry Z. Ha and David B. Mercer, Fluor Canada Ltd, outline how to optimise steam and power generation configurations for LNG facilities.

Start your engines
Roberto Bosco, MKS Instruments, Inc., USA, explores a real-time fuel composition, physical property, and methane number analyser for combustion engine control and optimisation.

Zeroing in
Alexander Derevyagin, Gleb Derevyagin, Sergey Seleznev, Maria Chwal, and Paul Lyon, Vympel, Germany, examine a zero emission/zero loss solution for specific installations of gas sampling for quality control measurements.

An alternative to crude oil
Dr Marcio Wagner da Silva, Petrobras, Brazil, presents the case for gas to liquid technologies as an alternative to crude oil.

Optimising hydrogen production
Stephen B. Harrison, Nexant Energy & Chemicals Advisory, Germany, looks at methods to optimise refinery hydrogen production on steam methane reformers.

Fine-tuning dynamic simulations
Attilio Brighenti and Debora Quintabà, S.A.T.E. Systems and Advanced Technologies Engineering, Italy, consider the effect of assumptions in compressor surge control system simulations.

Beyond guesswork
Miguel-Ángel Navarro and Miquel-Àngel Alós, Inprocess Technology and Consulting Group, S.L., Spain, explore the use of dynamic simulation to find the optimal control parameters for purge gas injection in flares.

BTEX burnout
Andy Smith, ASHCOR LLC, USA, presents the case for combustors as a primary and backup solution for the destruction of BTEX gases.

A two-pronged approach
Marco Puglisi, Aereon Europe, Italy, explains how compliance with VOC emission requirements can be achieved through using both vapour recovery and destruction technologies.


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